Easter is the time when Christians celebrate and remember the life and death of Jesus. Most of what we know about Jesus’ life comes from four books in the Bible called the Gospels: Mark, Matthew, Luke and John. The story of Jesus’ life as told in Mark is the oldest story. The other Gospels take the basic story in Mark and add on to it in a way that makes each story of Jesus’ life a little bit different.
1. Color the flame in the drawing at right for the mystery that is Jesus, and for all the things we do not know.

One idea found in most of the stories about Jesus is that he was a very loving and caring person. The stories say Jesus stood up for people who were left out, or being picked on, and he listened to people whom others ignored. He taught others he knew to do the same.
2. Color the chalice in the window for the love and caring Jesus showed toward all people.

Another thing people remember about Jesus is his courage. He spoke out against laws and people whom he did not think were fair and kind. He disobeyed some of the laws and tried to change them. He made both friends and enemies by his teachings and actions.
3. Color the rest of the stained glass window for the strength and courage it takes to stand up for what you what you think is right.

People who agreed with Jesus became his followers. Others, who disagreed with him, potted against him. One of his followers, Judas, disagreed with him and turned him over to his enemies. Jesus was arrested and sentenced to be crucified. He was nailed to a cross and he died. Jesus’ followers were confused, sad, and scared. They didn’t know what to do.
4. Take a black crayon and color over the whole chalice window with black, for the fear and hate which causes people to do cruel things, and for the sad and painful things in life which can leave us feeling so confused and frightened that we don’t know what to do.

On the third day after Jesus died (known today as Easter Sunday), Mary Magdalene went to Jesus’ tomb and found his body was gone. Then she saw a man, who said he was Jesus, and he told her not to be afraid, that he was going to be with God. Later, other followers believed they saw Jesus, too, and Jesus told them to carry on his message by doing what he had done in his life. This is the miracle of Jesus’ resurrection, that is now celebrated on Easter Sunday. The early Christians carried on his work so it stayed alive and did not die with him.
5. Open a paper clip. Using on end, lightly scratch off the black crayon covering each section of the window, to let the colors show through again. When we really believe in something it gives us hope, and this hoe makes us strong and courageous. When we are sad and confused, sharing our memories and doing things which show our love and care for each other makes us feel better and lets our light shine through.

The first idea about God comes from Mildred, a Unitarian Universalist woman. When we asked her what she thought God was like, this is what she said:

"Most of the time I’m not really sure but every once in a while when I am in my garden, I have I feeling that I do know what God is. When I’m down on my knees digging in the earth, and putting tiny seeds into the ground and when I’m closing the earth over those seeds knowing that they will grow into beautiful plants, I feel so amazed that something like that can happen. I just can’t imagine what it is that makes those plants grow that way and I think that must be what God is."

The second idea comes from Donald, a Unitatarian Universalist man, When we asked him what he thought, this is what he said:

"Well, it might be easier to tell you what I don’t think God is. I don’t think God is a man with a long beard, sitting up on a cloud who tells us what it should do and not do. But if I have to say what I think God is, well, let’s see, how can I put it? I think God is like the fiery yellow-orange-red power that comes out of the big explosion they call the Big Bang that happened at the beginning of the world. I think that power traveled out into space and slowly over the years became all the things in the universe, even you and me. It is in everything, even the things that we think are bad. I guess that’s what I think God is."

The third idea comes from Ellen, another Unitarian Universalist woman. When we asked her what she thaught here is what she said:

"I think God is love. I think of God as being in people’s hearts whenever they are caring about other people and trying to help those who need help. If I were to draw a picture of God I would draw a circle of people all holding hands and I would put a picture of a big red heart on each person. And I would put a smile on the face of each one of the people, a smile that showed that they were happy and feeling peaceful. That’s my idea of what God is, the love that we have for each other."

Dictionaries and encyclopedias define a "saint" in several ways: an official Christian saint, canonized by the Roman Catholic Church; a person who displays to an extraordinary degree the qualities of holiness and goodness; and the members of certain religious groups who have so designated themselves (the Puritans, for example, and the Mormons, who are officially known as"The Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints").

Roman Catholics observe the days for all the saints in their liturgical calendar. All Saints’ Day was established to honor those martyrs who were unknown and thus had no feast days of their own. Anglicans also observe All Saints’ Day, often with a Great Procession of Saints in the service. Protestants have traditionally not included All Saints’ Day in their calendar. The "communion of saints" is referred to in the Apostle’s Creed in some Christian churches.Although All Saints’ Day is a Christian festival,and the resources listed here deal with Christian saints, the eastern religions also honor saints.

Unitarian Universalists honor a wide variety of people who have exhibited " qualities of goodness." There may be Unitarian Universalist heroes and heroines important to your congregation, such as founders or ministers.

This session includes short stories of Samuel Joseph May, Elizabeth Blackwell, Whitney Young, and Amos Peck Seaman as samples of Unitarian Universalist "saints." Stories of your local Unitarian Universalist heroes and heroines also would be important to tell. Stories need to be told in language appropriate to first and second graders with emphasis on the qualities of "goodness" as identified in our Principles and Purposes.

Buddha taught that both good things and hard things come to every person. Both are part of life. But if you choose to follow Buddhist law (called Dharma, or the Middle Way) you will live a good life and find peace, perhaps even reach Nirvana. You don’t need priests to pray for you, you don’t need to make sacrifices to the Gods, and you don’t have to be of a certain caste in society. Buddha taught that all people can avoid the extremes of behavior (selfish pleasure or self-denial) which lead to suffering, and follow the Middle Way to a good life. The Buddhist law is comprised of the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path.

Four Noble Truths (the causes of suffering):
1. Suffering consists of disease, old age, and death; separation from those we love; craving what we cannot obtain; hating what we cannot avoid.
2. All suffering is caused by desire and the attempt to satisfy our desires.
3. Therefore, suffering can be overcome by ceasing to desire.
4. The way to end desire is to follow the Eightfold Path.

The Eightfold Path (the solution):
This is a series of eight stages that lead to the end of desire. The first few can be achieved in everyday life, the later ones require more concentration and effort.

1. Right opinion: understanding the Four Noble Truths
2. Right intentions: a person decides to set his/her life on the
3. Right speech: not lying, criticizing unfairly, using harsh language, or gossiping
4. Right conduct: no kllling, stealing, cruelty or lustful activities
5. Right livelihood: earn a living in a way that doesn’t harm any living thing
6. Right effort: conquer all evil thoughts, try to have only good thoughts
7. Right mindfulness: becoming intensely aware of all states of body, mind, feelings
8. Right concentration: deep meditation that leads to higher state of consciousness

A person who practices right concentration will come to the enlightenment that Siddhartha attained.

When, if ever, is it right to go to war?

ACCORDING TO A HINDU STORY, long ago there came a time when the people became jealous and deceitful, and the leaders oppressive. Priests became insincere and some stole the gifts brought to the gods. Kings were tyrannical. Tribes and nations were continually warring one against another.

Then Brahman, the Eternal One, decided to give mankind a special helper, a human Savior who would live among men and protect and guide them and teach them the way to live. And so it happened that one day a divine child was born. At his birth, angels appeared, singing praises. They bowed down before him and named him Krishna, the Savior of Mankind, the incarnation of the Eternal Brahman.

Now Krishna of course was a human being as well as a god. He was born in India where at that time everyone belonged to a "caste." His was the Warrior caste, which meant that his dharma or destiny must be fulfilled in war and struggle.

But as a child Krishna did not seem to be a warlike person. He lived happily with other children, wandering with them over the fields and woods, and helping to tend the cows. He learned to play the flute, and often played it while his young friends danced together. A strong boy, he soon became a favorite among his friends, perhaps because he always seemed to use his strength to protect the weak. Many tales have been told of Krishna’s gallant and miraculous deeds during his youth. Always these were done in order to protect some innocent sufferer, or to save some person or animal in trouble.

As Krishna grew older, he left his happy life as a cowherd, became a student of the sacred books, and gave himself to a life of simple living and fasting. His teacher was amazed at his brilliance and devotion.

After finishing his studies, Krishna became the champion of one tribe or another which had been unjustly treated. Always his championship was of the weak against the strong and the evil. If happiness were to be spread among all the people, cruelty had to be destroyed even if war must be waged to achieve this. Thus Krishna, born into the Warrior caste, was true to his dharma.

As the years passed, the warring groups in India grew stronger and larger and the battles became fiercer until India became divided into two warring nations. One nation was ruled by the evil king, Duryodhana; the other, by the good king, Yudisthira, long remembered for his justice and good-will. Finally, the selfish and ambitious King Duryodhana banished the good King Yudisthira and his people into exile and refused to allow even five villages to be shared with them.

After Yudisthira had tried unsuccessfully for thirteen years to settle the matter without a major battle, preparations were begun for an all-out war between the armies of the two kings. Both sides came to Krishna asking for his help. Duryodhana, the evil king, asked Krishna for armies. Arjuna, the brother of the good King Yudisthira, asked not for armies but for Krishna alone, saying "Friendship is the strongest weapon in the world. I want you for my charioteer." Both kings were granted their wishes, and Duryodhana chuckled at Arjuna’s foolishness.

Not long after, in the red dawning of the morning, the two great armies faced each other on the sandy plains of Kurukshetra. The evil king was in his chariot at the head of one great army, now even larger than before. Arjuna, brother of the good king, was in his chariot at the head of the other army. But with Arjuna stood the god Krishna as charioteer.

Arjuna looked about and his heart grew faint, for he saw the faces of fathers and grandfathers, teachers, uncles, sons, brothers, grandsons, and friends. He spoke despairingly to Krishna:

"O Krishna, Krishnal Now that I look on all my own kins-n;en, arrayed for battle, my limbs have become weak, my mouth, is parching, my body trembles, my hair stands upright, my skin seems to be burning! My bow slips from my hand and my brain is whirling round and round. What can I hope for from this killing of kinsmen? What do I want with victory and empire?"

"Krishna, hearing the prayers of all men,
Tell me how we can hope to be happy
Slaying the sons of Dritarashtra?"
Evil they may be, worst of the wicked,
Yet if we kill them, our sin is greater.

* * * * * * * * * * *

"What is the crime I am planning, O Krishna?
Murder most hateful, murder of brothers!
Am I indeed so greedy for greatness?
Rather let the evil children come with their weapons
Against me in battle!
I shall not struggle, I shall not strike them.
Now let them kill me, that will be better."

Having spoken so feelingly, Arjuna threw aside his arrows and his bow. He stood as if already mortally wounded, his heart torn with sorrow.

Krishna was silent for a while. Arjuna tried once more to speak. ‘Which is worst," he cried out again, "to win this war, or to lose it? I scarcely know. My mind gropes about in dark-ness. I cannot see where my duty lies. Krishna, I beg you to tell me frankly and clearly what I ought to do. I am your disciple. I have put myself into your hands. Show me the way."

Krishna then answered: "Your words are wise, Arjuna, but your sorrow is for nothing. The truly wise person mourns neither for the living nor for the dead. Bodies are said to die, but THAT which possesses the body is eternal. It cannot be limited or destroyed. The real life within each one cannot be wounded by weapons, nor burned by fire, nor dried by the wind, nor wet by water. It is deathless and birth-less. It is indestructible. Therefore, never mourn for anyone.

"And besides, Arjuna, you were’ born in the warring caste. Fighting to protect, fighting to save others from oppression, is your duty. If you turn aside from this righteous way, you will be a sinner.

"Die, Arjuna, and you win Nirvana. Conquer and you enjoy the earth. Stand up now, and resolve to fight. Realize that pleasure and pain, gain and loss, victory and defeat are one and the same; then go into battle."

So Arjuna, the disciple of Krishna, rose and obeyed. A conch was blown and the blare of a thousand conches responded. Arrows shot through the air like meteors; the sun itself was shrouded in the dust of the battle. Horses leaped; men ran at each other with swords. Hundreds, even thou-sands, were wounded or slain.

With each new dawn, the battle was begun afresh, day after day for eighteen days. Finally, the evil King Duryodhana was slain, and Arjuna and Yudisthira were the victors.

In the early dawn after the battle, the plain was grim with the bloody burden of thousands of dead. It was a weary sight for miles around. Weeping wives searched for the bodies of their lost husbands. Mothers mourned over their dead sons. An old grandmother sat on the ground and wept. UO shame on prowess" she cried. "Shame on courage! Shame on war that leaves weeping women to bear the burden of grief"

In spite of all this, because of the terrible war and the courageous victory of Arjuna, there was finally peace in the land. Yudisthira was crowned king of both nations. He reigned as undisputed ruler of all India for thirty-six years and in his time there was justice throughout the kingdom. The people saw in Yudisthira the ideals which Lord Krishna had taught them to attain.

"He did not hate any living creature.
He was friendly and compassionate to all,
He freed himself of the delusion of "Me" and "Mine,"
He accepted pleasure and pain with tranquility,
He was forgiving, ever contented, self-controlled,
He was neither vain nor anxious about the result of his actions."

(Based on extracts from an unpublished manuscript, "India’s Story of Krishna," by Sophia Lyon Fahs. This was based in turn on Bhagavad-Gita: The Song of God, translated by Swami Prabhavananda and Christopher Isherwood (Hollywood, California: Vedanta Society of Southern California, latest edition 1972). Extracts are quoted with the permission of the Vedanta Society of Southern California.)